Preheat oven to 475°F and adjust the oven rack to the lowest position.
On a rimmed baking sheet combine green beans, olive oil, sugar, salt, and pepper until the green beans are evenly coated. Cover sheet with aluminum foil and roast in the oven for 10 minutes. Remove the foil and roast for 10 more minutes until green beans are spotty browned, stirring after half of the time has passed.
Meanwhile, heat 3 tbsp olive oil in a small saucepan over medium heat. Add minced garlic and cook for 1 minute. Whisk lemon zest, lemon juice, Dijon mustard, 1/4 teaspoon salt, and 1/4 teaspoon pepper into garlic mixture.
Combine green beans, dressing, and basil in a bowl. Toss to combine.
Transfer to a serving platter and sprinkle with Parmesan and pine nuts.